
According to a survey taken in the year 2006, there are about six million samples of a single population in about 1,300 bio bank facilities across the globe stored as seeds. This amount of sample tracking or biobank preservation is hence only a small fraction of the globe’s biodiversity and many parts of the globe are unexplored. Svalbard international seed vault of Spitsbergen, a Norwegian island is built in a man-made tunnel inside a mountain. This seed bank is operated by the global crop diversity trust. This tunnel consists of two blast-proof doors and airlocks. It was in the year 2008 when the vault first accepted seeds for storage. Millennium seed bank project is housed in the Wellcome trust millennium building (WTMB). It is located in West Sussex at Wakehurst Place. This storage preserves thousands of seeds samples inside an underground vault. In Russia, Nikolai Vavilov, a Russian botanist and geneticist collected rare seeds from across various continents though his botanic-agronomic expeditions. He set up the first seed bank in Leningrad which is now called as St. Petersburg. This seed bank survived through the 28-month siege of Leningrad during the Second World War. It is now known under the name, Vavilov institute of plant industry.





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